Page Last Updated: May 14, 2026

ecPROMIS Self-Regulation - Flexibility Scale🔗

Table Name	`mh_cg_pms__selfreg`
Construct	Self-Regulation and Flexibility
Study Visits	V05, V07, V09
Administration	Child-specific: Yes Respondent: Primary Caregiver on Child Method: Self-administered remotely (1-2 min estimated duration)
Quality Control	Examine missingness by counting items answered per participant. Check age is within expected ranges. Review summary statistics and visualizations (item frequencies, age, prorated scores).

The HBCD dataset includes many variables that may be important for sound and comprehensive analysis. The inclusion of additional variables will depend on the research question(s) and methodological approach. Users are encouraged to take time to explore the full range of available variables — especially those that may serve as controls, contextual indicators, confounders, mechanisms, or modifiers — to ensure thoughtful and well-supported analytic decisions. Other important considerations may include developmental functioning, broader family supports, and early adverse and protective exposures.

Instrument Details🔗

The ecPROMIS (Early Childhood Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System) is a set of primary caregiver report questionnaires that offer clinicians and researchers a brief, efficient, and precise way to evaluate young children’s well-being. The Self-Regulation - Flexibility Scale assesses young children’s ability to adapt in response to environmental demands, changes, and expectations.

The item queue was rearranged per the HBCD DEI Committee’s recommendation to: 2, 3, 4, 5, 1. The item order change is minimal, should have no effect on data, and was approved by the measure creators. While ecPROMIS measures are copyrighted, the content of each item is maintained.

The Self-Regulation Scale includes 5 items answered on a scale of 1-5:
1 = Never 2 = Rarely 3 = Sometimes 4 = Often 5 = Always Decline to Answer = missing

If all items are answered, their sum is used as the total score. If fewer than three items are completed, the score is set to missing. If at least three items are answered but some are missing, a prorated score is calculated as:

\[ \text{Prorated Score} = \left( \frac{\text{Sum of answered items}}{\text{Number of items answered}} \right) \times \text{5} \]

References🔗

Blackwell, C. K., Kallen, M. A., Lai, J. S., Bevans, K. B., Wakschlag, L. S., & Cella, D. (2022). Measuring PROMIS® Well-Being in Early Childhood. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 47(5), 559–572. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsac030

Cella, D., Blackwell, C. K., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2022). Bringing PROMIS to Early Childhood: Introduction and quaptative methods for the development of Early Childhood Parent Report instruments. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 47(5), 500–509. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsac027

Edwards, R. C., Planalp, E. M., Bosquet-Enlow, M., Akshoomoff, N., Bodison, S. C., Brennan, M. B., Ciciolla, L., Eiden, R. D., Fillipi, C. A., Gustafsson, H. C., McKelvey, L. M., Morris, A. S., Peralta-Carcelén, M., Poehlmann, J., Wakschlag, L. S., Wilson, S., & HBCD Child Behavior and Caregiver-Child Interaction Workgroup. (2024). Capturing the complexity of child behavior and caregiver-child relationships in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study using a rigorous and equitable approach. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 69, 101422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101422

Lai, J.-S., Kallen, M. A., Blackwell, C. K., Wakschlag, L. S., & Cella, D. (2022). Psychometric considerations in developing PROMIS® measures for early childhood. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 47(5), 510–522. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsac025

Park, C. H., Blaisdell, C. J., & Gillman, M. W. (2022). The NIH ECHO program: An impetus for the development of early childhood PROMIS tools. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 47(5), 497–499. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsac010